Aquaculture
The cultivation of fresh-water and marine species ventures occurs worldwide. The worldwide practice of aquaculture runs the gamut from low-technology extensive methods to highly intensive systems.
Intensive aquaculture brings with it high energy costs, necessitating the design of energy-efficient systems. As this trend continues, aquaculture will shift more to a year-round, mass-production industry using the least amount of land and water possible. With this change to high technology and dense culturing, considerable knowledge and manipulation of the life cycles and requirements of each species are necessary. Specifically, industrialized aquaculture has mandated the development of reproductive control, hatchery technology, feeds technology, disease control, and systems engineering.Intensive
aquaculture, marine species are grown in systems such as tanks, where the
support parameters are carefully controlled and dependence on the natural
environment is minimal. Such systems require a high degree of management and
usually involve substantial investment and operating costs, resulting in high
yields per unit area.